Letter to the crown and the judge of the court Assignment

Letter to the crown and the judge of the court - Assignment Example Hence, I promise never to get involved in such scenario again. I believe that the main objective of your department is to offer correction although there are some aspects of punishments attached to it. However, I believe that you consider the corrective mandate of the department more than its disciplinary requirement. I also believe that you value offering support to people who value living a descent life or making efforts to correct their mistakes. Currently I rely on your support to enable me walk through the road of change. Getting back my passport from your department would be a paramount support that would enable me to achieve the change that I desire. I acknowledge the existence of fears that I might flee out of the country due to the trouble that I got involved. However, I would like to bring to your consideration that I have no any plans to flee the country. In addition, I am committed to go through the entire judicial process for the interest of my Canadian citizenship and the plaintiff. Canada is not only my county of residence but also my home. Although I was not born in Canada, I have lived in the country since I was eight year old. I have also received all my education in Canadian schools and therefore all my investments are in the country. Fleeing from Canada would be like going to another planet since all my friends and family live in Canada. In addition my father who has special value and love for the country has invested over $200, 000 for our family to acquire full Canadian citizenship. Currently I am in the last stage of acquiring a permanent residence card and therefore your assistance would be vital. I hope that my request and regrets would find a place of consideration in your honoured court. I also appreciate and honour the assistance that you will accord me through the release of my passport. Your assistance would go a long way in consoling my aged father, worried friends, family members and

Steve Jobs - Leadership Essay Example for Free

Steve Jobs Leadership Essay

Tornado Essay -- Natural Disasters Weather

A tornado is defined as a violently rotating column extending from a thunderstorm to the ground. The most violent tornadoes are capable of tremendous destruction with wind speeds of two hundred and fifty miles per hour or more. Damage paths can be more than one mile wide and fifty miles long. In an average year, eight hundred tornadoes are reported nationwide, resulting in eighty deaths and over one thousand five hundred injuries. In the body of my essay, I will tell you about types of tornadoes, where tornadoes come from, where and when tornadoes occur, the damage they inflict, variations of tornadoes, and how to detect tornadoes. There are many types of tornadoes. The average tornado is usually split up into categories based on the strength of the tornado. Most tornadoes, about sixty nine percent 69%, are considered weak, which means they usually last between one minute and ten minutes, have winds less than one hundred and ten miles per hour, and the percent of deaths that occur during these is less than five percent. Strong tornadoes, about twenty nine percent 29%, may last about twenty minutes, have winds between one hundred and ten and two hundred and five miles per hour, and the percent of deaths that are found are about thirty percent of all tornado deaths. The last category for tornadoes is violent ones. With these comes winds greater than two hundred and five miles per hour, they can last about an hour, and have seventy percent of all deaths from tornadoes. Another type of tornado is known as a waterspout. This is a weak tornado that forms over warm water. They are most common along the Gulf Coast and southeastern states. In the western United States, they occur with cold late fall or late winter storms, during a time when you least expect it to develop. They occasionally move inland becoming tornadoes that can cause a great deal of damage and many injuries. Most tornadoes evolve from energy. Tornadoes come from the energy released in a thunderstorm. As powerful as they are, tornadoes account for only a tiny fraction of the energy in a thunderstorm. What makes them dangerous is that their energy is concentrated in a small area, perhaps only a hundred yards across. Not all tornadoes are the same, of course, and science does not yet completely understand how part of a thunderstorm's energy sometimes gets focused into something as small as a tornad... ...ms using all the information they can obtain from weather maps, modern weather radar’s, storm spotters, monitoring power line breaks, and so on. These are all important tornado facts and reasons of why this phenomenon occurs. Tornadoes are natural disasters that we can not do anything about, we just have to learn to live with them and be smart about how we approach them. There is no preventing a tornado from occurring so we must merely take all the precautions so we will be safe. Bibliography: Rosenfeld, Jeffrey O.; Eye of the Storm: Inside the World's Deadliest Hurricanes, Tornadoes, and Blizzards; HarperCollins Trade Sales Dept, January 1999 Robinson, Andrew,; Earth Shock: Hurricanes, Volcanoes, Earthquakes, Tornadoes and Other Forces of Nature; Themes & Hudson Ltd., September 1993 Tufty, Barbara; 1001 Questions Answered about Hurricanes, Tornadoes, and Other Natural Air Disasters; Dover Publications, Incorporated, August 1987 Verkaik, Arjen; Under the Whirlwind; Whirlwind Books, March 1998 Miller, Norman; "How A Whirlwind Works"; Geographical Magazine, June 1999 Compton's Encyclopedia Online; www.comptons.com SKYWARN Online; www.skywarn.org

Letter of Apeal format

Dear Ms. Blenkiron: My name is Hai Van Le, and I have been a student here at ISHCMC for 9 years, and I am writing to you to appeal for a raise in awareness about discrimination in our middle school section. Throughout my years at ISHCMC, I have witnessed several cases of students discriminating against one another due to stereotypes from race and sex to personality. One thing I have experience almost on a daily basis is how groups of people of the same country and race all associate with each other, and hardly ever with ones outside of their circle – unless they have been asked to do so in class. I have heard my peers talk badly about people who might be homosexual, and I felt very unfair to those who were talked about in that manner. In every school (and ISHCMC is no exception), students frequently judge one's appearance and stereotype each other. From there on, it leads to all the social circles and the ones who are left out remain alone. I am aware of the fact that prejudices are unavoidable as they are formed unconsciously in everybody's minds, but I feel that our school should be more aware of this problem. I know that students are encouraged to work together with people who we don't know so well, people from different countries, people from the opposite genders, but those methods are often ineffective. I have seen people being called stereotypical names like nerd, loser, loner, emo etc†¦ and have been called names myself. Situations like these shows that students have been too occupied within their circle of friends and in their own minds. We don't think enough about others and are wrapped up in our own prejudices. Everything happens right in front of our eyes, but we have yet to do anything about it. I feel we need to raise more awareness around the school by holding programs about discrimination, make presentations, make posters, or just have some discussions about them in homeroom etc†¦ ISHCMC's school philosophy is to ‘provide a positive academic and caring social environment that emphasizes the development of the whole child, fostering individual ability within an intercultural community.' I hope that the school maintains its reputation of having a caring environment within an intercultural community as it has alleged to do so. If any plans of programs or projects are being held on the subject of discrimination or stereotypes, you can contact me at [email  protected] I appreciate the time that you have taken to read my appeal. Sincerely, Hai Van Le

American Traditions Reflected In The Literature Of 1865-1912 Essay

The United States has always professed itself to be the â€Å"land of the free. † In fact, most of its traditions are rooted in its value for freedom, family and country. How often is it in public speeches that we are reminded that â€Å"all men are created equal that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights†¦that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. † Literary pieces produced between the years of 1865 and 1912 show a growing awareness and search for understanding of civil rights and democracy. Uniqueness and personal individuality and perspective were reflected in the writing styles and stories that appeared during this time. Nineteenth century poet Emily Dickinson’s poems in â€Å"The Complete Poems of Emily Dickinson† reflect her views and awareness of the role of women in a patriarchal and free society. Indeed her writings could very well be considered ‘feminist. ‘ Walt Whitman’s â€Å"Leaves of Grass’ was representative of an America that was alive, rich and natural. He states: â€Å"The Americans of all nations at any time upon the earth have probably the fullest poetical nature. The United States is essentially the greatest poem† (Whitman, 1855) Yet while his views were generally â€Å"romantic† in nature, his demonstrates a keen awareness social issues such as the growing materialism brought about by industrialism. He called for literature that would bind the readers in a more spiritual and imaginative state as individuals in his â€Å"Democratic Vistas† (1871. ) American Literature saw the birth of awareness and definition of freedom. Freedom was then too general a concept yet the literary products in this period showed the emergence of expressions for individuality against convention, true liberty, and pride in identity. American Literature 2 2. GENDER AND ETHNIC MINORITIES IN THE ECONOMIC AND LITERARY DEVELOPMENT IN 1865-1912 Literature has been used as an expression of freedom of thought, feelings, and ideals. It has also been used as a tool of social awareness and activism that meant to inspire reform particularly in the disparity experienced by women and ethnic minorities in that era. As the industrial age prepared to take root in the United States, ethnic minorities like the Native Americans, Africans and Asians, and other ethnic groups grew more marginalized in existence. Africans became slaves who were made to work in the tobacco and cotton fields. Others were pressed into domestic servitude in the homes of the wealthy White men. Literature at in reference to women and the ethnic minorities viewed them as objects that â€Å"White men† own. This dehumanization served as a sort of â€Å"muse† for the emerging â€Å"realist† writers. If popular literature referred to them as non-entities, the realists raised their plight up as a sign for the need for social awareness and change. In her â€Å"Woman in the Nineteenth Century,† essayist and on of America’s first respected female journalists Margaret Fuller, brought up the existence of sexual discrimination and suggested steps in an effort to promote the independence of women. She was an advocate of equality gained through human freedom and dignity. Mark Twain’s â€Å"Huckleberry Finn† defied conventions and spoke out against the practice of slavery and the irrationality of â€Å"civilized† society. The friendship of his lead characters Jim and Huck went beyond the strictures of a slave-owning society and culminated in something that was happy and generous. Emancipation of women, abolishment of racism, marginalization and slavery according to the realist writers, were what should define American freedom, humanity and democracy†¦not the materialism and human ownership brought by industrialization. References â€Å"The Romantic Period, 1820-1860, Essayists and Poets†. Outline of American Literature. United States International Information Programs (2006) Retrieved August 29, 2007 from http://usinfo. state. gov/products/pubs/oal/lit3. htm â€Å"The Rise of Realism: 1860-1914†. Outline of American Literature. United States International Information Programs (2006) Retrieved August 29, 2007 from http://usinfo. state. gov/products/pubs/oal/lit5. htm

10 Unique Ways To Get Your Job Application Noticed

10 Unique Ways To Get Your Job Application Noticed We talk a lot about surviving the interview, as if that’s the biggest hurdle to getting a new job. But what about getting the interview in the first place? William Arruda, a â€Å"personal branding guru,† gave his top 10 tips to Forbes magazine on how to get your foot in the door so you can make it to the interview stage. 1. Use VideoThe old cover letter and C.V. combo just doesn’t cut it anymore. Stand out by breaking out of the text-based communication mode. Make a YouTube video bio or leadership profile, or send a personalized thank you video instead of the standard thank you email.2. Be VisualMake your resume pop with color and company logos. Paint a picture where everyone else is just typing things in black and white. It will make your application stand out and show more of your personality.3. Stalk ‘emAccording to Arruda, it’s okay to keep tabs  your potential employers, particularly on LinkedIn. He even recommends using the Corporate Alumni feature to â€Å"identify potential contacts and reach out to learn as much as you can- the stuff they don’t share on their company profile.†4. Stay in the LoopFollow  your ideal  company on social media and LinkedIn. Arruda adds, â€Å"Use tools like Newsle to stay up to speed on what the executives and your hiring managers are doing.†5. Look Good on GoogleJust like it’s okay to stalk them, remember that your new employer will be Googling you. Make sure what comes up is the best of your online presence. â€Å"Exploit this opportunity to the max and leap ahead of the competition with a compelling headline, summary that tells your story and professional headshot,† Arruda says.6. Get a WebsiteHave your own domain name and website, even if it’s basic. That will give recruiters a place to find all your relevant information without having to do too much digging. Put the link on all your profiles, your email signature, and your business cards. 7. Stay CurrentBefore the interview, check whether your company has been in the news recently. If they just launched a product or merged with another company, you’d do well to arm yourself with the most current intel. It shows you pay attention and that you care.8. Make DIY Business CardsEven if you have a company card, consider making your own. With companies like Upwork, you can design and print personalized cards without breaking the bank. There’s no better way to showcase your own personal style and brand.9. No GhostingThe follow-up is key. Remind your interviewers of your skills and charm- and this time, try sending a video message instead of the standard email!10. Stay ConnectedEven if you don’t get the job, you can claim your interviewers as future contacts. Consider every rejection a fruitful networking opportunity and stay positive by building relationships and taking a more long-term strategy.Arruda’s bottom line is this: â€Å"Dissect the stag es of the interview process and decide how you will make your mark at each touch point.† If you do that, you’ll be sure to stand out. Even if you don’t get this particular job, chances are you’ll have made a great impression and will be well on your way to an even better opportunity.

Yea Or Nay essays

Yea Or Nay essays Dear honorable gentleman, the strenuous road to full and virtuous independence has come to an ultimate crossroad. We, representing all New Yorkers, have been given the vital decision regarding the ratification of the proposed Constitution. We have pledged to promote what is best for our people, and the optimum way to proceed in this manner is by voting yea to the Constitution. The Constitution provides a plethora of benefits that the current Articles of Confederation failed to furnish; the most important of the benefits is the superbly constructed plan for the division of power between branches of government. In addition, many other lesser powers were granted to the government that have the potential to promote this country to the zenith of world powers in a relatively short time. Quite simply, the Articles of Confederation failed miserably at distributing powers properly. Authoritarianism is reached when too much power is given; on the other hand, with too little power anarchy is created (Doc 1). The major flaw of the Articles of Confederation was that the creators of it were exceptionally frightened by authoritarianism, therefore they essentially chose the other extreme, anarchy, and established a government that left the window of possibility for lawlessness wide open. This must be changed, and one of the primary focuses of the Constitution is on the balancing between authoritarianism and anarchy. The Constitution correctly distributes the powers that each branch of government needs to operate efficiently, while establishing a system of checks and balances to prevent one branch from becoming overly powerful. The current Articles of Confederation do not provide the federal government the power of taxation, one of the most basic powers of any federal g overnment. Benjamin Franklin boldly stated, It is absurd the pretending to be Lovers of Liberty while they grudge paying for the Defence of it (Doc 2). The C...

5 Ways to Chart Display Your Family Tree

5 Ways to Chart Display Your Family Tree While tracing your ancestry back as far as possible is fun, its even better when you can present the findings in a handsome family tree chart. From hand-drawn genealogy charts to computer-generated ancestor trees, there are many different ways to chart and display your family history. Create It Yourself If you want to create something personal and your family is fairly small, consider creating your own family tree. You can draw the basic connections in a line-and-box format, or get more creative by embellishing with vines, flowers, etc. You can also display the family in an actual tree format, using the roots for descendants and leaves (or apples) for the ancestors. Cant draw a straight line? Try  a flowchart or diagramming program to create any chart you can imagine. Branch Out With Software While most genealogy software programs offer basic computer-generated family tree charts, you can get even better results by taking advantage of add-on programs. For example,  Legacy Charting Companion  expands the charting capabilities of the Legacy Family Tree program, allowing you to create and print a variety of ancestor, descendant, hourglass, fan and bowtie charts ranging in size from  8.5-by-11-inch  printouts to 9-foot displays.   Use a Chart Printing Service If you want a pretty family tree chart without having to deal with designing and printing, try one of the many Family Tree chart printing services that specialize in printing large family trees in both color and black and white. Some, such as Family Tree Illustration will custom design a chart for you, while others allow you to select from a number of different formats. Some require a family tree file in GEDCOM format, but some work from your own handwritten family tree. Perfect for family reunions and large frames, charts can usually be printed in large format. Pre-Printed Charts Make it Simple From basic pedigree charts to elaborate, rose-covered fan charts, pre-printed genealogy charts make it easy to display your family tree in style. A number of simpler family tree charts are available for free download online.  Other, more elaborate family tree charts are available for purchase from various vendors. Designer Family Trees If youre looking for something a little fancier, innumerable calligraphers and artists can render your family tree on vellum or parchment with hand-drawn letters and elaborate designs. For example, Marie Lynskey charges anywhere from $150 for a simple four-generation family tree lettered on parchment to more than $1500 for an illustrated family tree with numerous generations displayed on vellum. Park City, Utah-based artist Saundra Diehl turns dull family tree charts into a work of art, using watercolor and pen and ink to create a custom watercolor painting of your family tree on aged parchment.

Managing across cultures- Cross cultural observation Essay

Managing across cultures- Cross cultural observation - Essay Example ng different cultural backgrounds interact with each other, their behaviors are â€Å"interpreted† as members of a bigger culture such as class, ethnicity, gender, or even religion. When people from among a similar â€Å"larger† culture interact with each other, their behaviors are â€Å"interpreted† as part of a smaller culture such as family and community. In this paper, a group of individuals from a different culture will be observed to gain insights on how they interact with individuals from among their â€Å"own,† and how they interact with people from a different culture. For the assignment, a group of employees from a diner called â€Å"The Capital† were observed. The team consists of 5 Italian males from different age brackets. Two are judged to be from the mid-30s, two from between 40-45 years, and one who is around 60 years old. The 60 year old male is deemed to be the one who owns the diner, if judged from the way he issues orders to the other employees. Two of the employees take charge of getting the customers’ orders, while the remaining three cook or make the food. Taken generally, they all appear to be easygoing individuals who run the diner. They scream a lot among themselves --- sometimes when informing the others of the orders given by the customers, and sometimes when throwing jokes to each other. They also seem to not have much rules going around the diner, as they can easily shift from screaming orders, to being tough, to throwing jokes to customers and to each other. It is not a rowdy place, however, despite all the nois e from the loud voices talking at the same time most of the times. Stemming from a background where screaming is not a norm, the interaction among the Italians can easily appear aggressive. In the experiences during the course of the observation, there had been several instances when the loud voices took other people by surprise. From a personal viewpoint, these reactions were from people who do not know yet the atmosphere in

Graduate Reflection Paper 4(a) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Graduate Reflection Paper 4(a) - Essay Example There are many factors that create a leader with strong communication skills. Covey (1989) states that being a good listener brings many benefits for the leader. It helps the leader build relationships and it is a very important part of appraisal and training. Covey also suggests that communication has four components: speaking, writing, reading and listening. Caputo et al. (2003) suggests that leaders must create a system of effective communication with their employees and leadership must have effective communication in order to have complete leadership. Covey (1990) created seven principles regarding communication: "Be proactive, begin with the end in mind, put first things first, think win/win, seek first to understand and then to be understood, synergize and sharpen the saw" (p. 41). Covey talks about these habits as human endowments that enhance a leaders communication skills by placing them in a frame of mind that creates their ability to move their employees forward (Covey, 1990). This means that they also need to have a voice in communication. Leaders must be active listeners, create a space for employees to speak their minds respectfully and help their employees to recognize their own voice (Covey, 2004). Each leader must be influential which means they also need to understand how to persuade their employees. This does not the must coerce their employees but rather understand how to move them towards what is expected or needed. Carnegie (1964) suggests that the one way to get someone to do something is to make them want to do it. A strong leaders does this by helping their employees improve, not by criticizing them. Also, leaders must show employees that they are appreciated. These ideas will help employees stay motivated to communicate well with their manager. This also means that the manager must seek to find a

BMS - Journal Report Unit 9 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

BMS - Journal Report Unit 9 - Essay Example This is important on the development of leadership strategies and approaches that can talk a wide range of issues not only in the organisation, but can also influence the particular industry. Worldview can be described as complex image that is created from different lenses that individuals use in viewing their world. Worldview is not similar to such aspects as religious viewpoint, identity or political stance but comprises all these elements. Worldview comprises all the things that one believes concerning their world, comprising all the tangible and intangible aspects (Rothwell 2005, p. 45). In this regard, a leader’s worldview can be determined by his opinions, beliefs, attitudes as well as the different external forces that influence the particular leader. During my time at Qatari Diar, I have learnt a lot concerning ways of effective management and leadership, which I hope to use in my future leadership endeavors. This paper presents a personal reflection on my roles in the organisation and how I succeeded in my leadership. During my leadership experience at Qatari Diar, I was exposed to a management and leadership environment, in which I relied on my leadership knowledge in interacting with different people, setting and achieving different stated goals and objectives. Qatari Diar is the real estate firm that is based in Doha; it is established and managed by one of the competent authorities in UAE, the Qatar Investment Authority. According to Camilla, Simeon & Hammond (2003), by 2011, the success of the company’s operations had seen it acquire stakes in the Vinci firm, providing employment to more than 183, 000 people in over ten countries. All these and other achievements have seen the company grow to become a market leader in the industry that is characterized by many emerging businesses. The management has been successful in leveraging on the skills and competencies of its managers, who have been critical to the success of the

Organizational Change Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Organizational Change Paper - Essay Example Organizational psychology therefore is critical for the success and failure of the organization as its impact on achieving the desired level of performance from the employees is really significant. Historical roots of organizational psychology indicate that this discipline started as an off-shoot of industrial psychology and it is still considered as a part of it. However, over the period of time, the subject has evolved and included many new dimensions to the field of business management. What is also significant to understand that organizational psychology brought about a scientific approach in the field of business management? By linking the research with that of the organizational behavior, this discipline has basically opened new ways of understanding the human behavior in formal organizations and how that behavior can actually be modified to achieve the organizational objectives. The development of organizational psychology seems to be the result of multitude of factors which contributed to the development of this subject. The combination of external as well as internal factors led to the belief that psychology can be applied to solve the problems of the businesses and as such a new discipline of organizational psychology started to emerge. This definition indicates that the organizational psychology deals directly with the individual as well as group behaviors under the formal organizational environment and as such focus on exploiting and researching the behavior under different and variable circumstances so that it can be modified to achieve the strategic objectives of the firm. The work of Katz and Kahn further explored the idea of organizational psychology and concluded that organizational psychology is all about patterned human behavior because only patterned human behavior can allow a structure to evolve and as such under this formal structure

Japan and the Pacific Rim Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Japan and the Pacific Rim - Essay Example Overall, Japan is considered a good place to do business because of its relatively stable economy and friendly local people. The Japanese economy has now slipped behind China in terms of GDP, although it is still considered a large economic force within Asia and the world as a whole. China is a strange case because their governmental systems and economic choices do not necessarily match up. The Chinese government is very strictly Communist, although over the last couple of decades, the ruling party has seen the need to bring about capitalist reform in order to propel China to become an economic superpower. Today, China has a great deal of political clout in such organizations as the United Nations because of its tremendous size. Other countries have picked up on this and realize how important trade can be with China. As such, many countries choose not to go against many Chinese economic decisions. China was not always the way it is today though. After China fell to the Communists in 1949, Mao Zedong led China through an era that ultimately proved unsuccessful. Millions of people died of starvation through China’s eccentric Communist policies. It took a long time for those in power in China to realize that capitalism may be a better option for a number of reasons. Korea used to be unified as one country; however, due to the Korean War in the early 1950’s, there is the Communist-backed North and the Democratic South. The economic differences between these two neighbors are vast and it can be put down to the difference between Communism and capitalism. The North Korean government is extremely secretive and rarely releases information to the outside world. On the other hand, South Korea can be considered as one of the success stories of Asia. In the late 1950’s, after the end of the Korean War, South Korea’s literacy rate was extremely high in conjunction with a very low average GDP per capita. It took a vast amount of modernization and new technology

Data Analysis for Business Decision Making Coursework

Data Analysis for Business Decision Making - Coursework Example The objective function will be to maximize the contribution per unit obtained from the overall production, this leads to optimization of the firm profits. Therefore, the contribution which is equal to selling price less the total variable costs of each peripheral will be multiplied by optimal number that will maximize the firm profit. Therefore, the objective function will be; Maxmize; 156.82A + 156.10B + 250.87C + 167.60D + 290.78E + 274.22F Where, A- Number of Internal modem B- Number of External modem C- Number of Circuit board D- Number of CD drive E- Number of Hard disk drive F- Number of Memory board The constrains in this case refers to the limiting factor where the test devices hours available for every peripheral in this case there are only 150 hours available for test device one, 130 hours for test device two, 110 hours for test device three, 102 hours for test device four in one week. The constrains in this case limit the number or peripheral that can be produced. The cons trains in this case will be, 150

Japan and the Pacific Rim Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Japan and the Pacific Rim - Essay Example Overall, Japan is considered a good place to do business because of its relatively stable economy and friendly local people. The Japanese economy has now slipped behind China in terms of GDP, although it is still considered a large economic force within Asia and the world as a whole. China is a strange case because their governmental systems and economic choices do not necessarily match up. The Chinese government is very strictly Communist, although over the last couple of decades, the ruling party has seen the need to bring about capitalist reform in order to propel China to become an economic superpower. Today, China has a great deal of political clout in such organizations as the United Nations because of its tremendous size. Other countries have picked up on this and realize how important trade can be with China. As such, many countries choose not to go against many Chinese economic decisions. China was not always the way it is today though. After China fell to the Communists in 1949, Mao Zedong led China through an era that ultimately proved unsuccessful. Millions of people died of starvation through China’s eccentric Communist policies. It took a long time for those in power in China to realize that capitalism may be a better option for a number of reasons. Korea used to be unified as one country; however, due to the Korean War in the early 1950’s, there is the Communist-backed North and the Democratic South. The economic differences between these two neighbors are vast and it can be put down to the difference between Communism and capitalism. The North Korean government is extremely secretive and rarely releases information to the outside world. On the other hand, South Korea can be considered as one of the success stories of Asia. In the late 1950’s, after the end of the Korean War, South Korea’s literacy rate was extremely high in conjunction with a very low average GDP per capita. It took a vast amount of modernization and new technology

Critically evaluate, in relation to the common law duty of care, the Essay - 9

Critically evaluate, in relation to the common law duty of care, the liability of employers for references. How, if at all, does - Essay Example While the intention of the common law duty of care is to protect the aggrieved parties from incurring damages resulting from negligence, the law extends to promote sanity in the relationship of the employer and the employee. Arguably, the duty of care predisposes the human resource departments of various organization tend create organization policies that respect the rights of the employee in order to avoid legal feuds. Many institutions are hesitant to provide information about form students to prospective employers due to the fear of potential legal feuds. The fact that former employer had a direct engagement with the departed employee to a given extent makes him liable to any issue which he disseminate to the prospective employer that might amount to damages. The student or employee is likely to sue or seek legal arbitration in a situation where he or she feels that the former institution violated his or her right by offering certain information that damages his or her identity. U nder the duty of care, defamation is a communication that intends to harm the reputation of the target party so as to limit the ability of the ability of the party to associate with a third party. The law protects offer punitive and compensatory damages for successful defamatory claims. The issue that is contentious in acting as a referee for the university student is the fact that such association might attract legal liability. In some situations, the institution might be willing to provide the confidential information about a former student whom in the institution’s view does not deserve consideration for employment because of his or her conduct. There is no legal provision that dictates that the institution must provide a reference to prospective employers. However, the existing legal obligation provide that universities should exercise due care when compiling a reference report of a student. The institution owes a duty of care to the student to whom such reference informa tion is provided and to the addressee who sought the reference. The employer might sue the University for Negligence if it fails to provide reference information requested about the student (Williams and Zumbansen 2011 pp134). On the other hand, the student might sue the institution if it feels that the information addressed to the addressee violated his or her right. Most institutions feel obligated to respond to request for a reference where reasonably requested for employment or academic purposes (Grace and Gravestock 2008 pp 46). Failure to provide the reference could disadvantage a student application and could be deemed to be discriminatory on grounds of race, sex, disability, or age and be subject to legal action. Some people have failed to secure job opportunity from prospective employers or have faced the sack based on the reference information addressed to the prospectus employer by their former employers. Such outcomes often attract legal suits. In case Spring vs. Guardia n Assurance Plc and Others; HL 7-Jul-1994, the complainant submitted before the court that the reference given by his former employer influenced his sacking. In the reference letter, his former employer indicted that he was a man of little or no integrity. In this case, the opinion of the court held that an employer was liable for negligence and damaging reference given on behalf of the employee. The court noted that a duty of care was owed to the former employee.

Patterns of Urban Growth and Development Essay Example for Free

Patterns of Urban Growth and Development Essay The growth and development of urban has consistently grown globally. This is as a result of human factor and environmental influence. Growth and development is the change to a better state compared to former state. Urbanization has increased mostly in poor countries compared to developed countries. In both poor and rich countries, there are different factors that contribute to either to growth or dominate the growth of the urban areas. Urbanization is there fore, the spreading of a city and its suburbs over the rural areas at the fringe of an urban area. Patterns of urban growth and development Industrialization is one of the factors that have contributed to urbanization. This changes the nature of economic production of any country. In both rich and poor countries, each potion of land id devoted to a certain use i. e. commercial, industrial and residential areas are separated. The sensing of growth is by allocating land to different uses. In other words large tracts of land are devoted a single use and are separated from one another by none used fields, roads or rail lines, or other barriers. This results to separation from where people go to work and where they do their shopping. Urbanization in rich countries consumes much more land compared to poor countries, on the other hand urbanization in poor countries seem to consume more land due to construction of single family homes compared to apartments build in developed countries. In rich countries more land is required to build parking because of the increasing number of automobiles compared to poor countries. The impact of low density development in poor countries where many communities are less developed or urbanized land is increasing at a faster rate than the population. The critics that arise in urban development in rich countries are health and environmental issues. Urban growth has been associated with some negative environmental and public health matters. The primary cause of these negative outcomes is that urbanization leads to people having to depend on the automobile because it will be a greater distance to travel and people will not be able to walk or ride their bicycles to their destinations. Vehicle ownership has become widespread in the rich countries, health officers recommend health benefits of suburbs due to soot and industrial fumes in the city center. However, air in modern suburbs is not necessarily cleaner than air in urban neighborhoods. In fact, the most polluted air is on crowded highways, where people in suburbs tend to spend more time. On average, suburban residents generate pollution and carbon emissions than the urban counterparts because of the higher number of driving. Urbanization in rich countries is partly responsible for the decline in socialization. Close neighborhoods can contribute to casual social interactions among neighbors, while low-density urbanization creates barriers to interaction. Urbanization tends to replace public spaces such as parks with private spaces such as fenced-in backyards. Residents of urbanized neighborhoods rarely walk for transportation, which reduces opportunities for face-to-face contact with neighbors. There is also a much concern over the housing in growth pattern in both rich and poor countries. In rich countries housing are quite expensive due to demand compared to poor countries, the housing has become a scarce commodity in most developed countries, the housing affordability compared to earning is much high. In poor countries cheaper housing is available due to reduced number of urbanization and demand Suburbs are blamed in rich countries for what they see as homogeneity of society and culture, leading to urbanization of suburb developments of people with similar race and background. (Stein, 1993). Conclusion Growth pattern in both the poor and the rich countries face similar challenges in most cases. Environmental hazards are more prone to developed countries compared to poor countries due to industrialization. Housing is come scarce in rich countries than in poor countries for more people work in urban areas where industrialization is more prone than in poor countries where most people lives in rural areas. References Stein, J. (1993). Growth Management: The planning challenge of the 1990’s. Sage Publications.

Home Automation Project Development

Home Automation Project Development Introduction Technology In saying Necessity is the Mother of Invention to conclude that man since the dawn of history has sought to facilitate his creativity to invite tools that helped him to live from Stone Age to Cooper, Bronze, and Iron Ages that each age developed the following age. He built growth of the ancient civilizations such as Egyptians that invented and used many simple machines and other ancient civilizations that improved many technologies for example Greek invented watermill which was the first human-devised motive force. The industrial revolution in Britain which is individuated by the promotions in the areas of textile manufacturing, mining, metallurgy and transport driven by the development of the steam engine. That changed the whole course of mans life and the subsequent revolution in electricity, electronics and communications led to the development of technology. Technology has transformed the lives of people world over, has saved us loads of time and has made life easier for all of us. Automation The idea of remote control that controls machines after the World War 1 in Germany gave birth of automation. Automation can be defined as the use of control systems, Human activities and applications in all areas of life has rapidly expanded from the combination of automated devices with mathematical and organizational tools which created complex systems that have been used in industrial, commercial, economic, and social ranges of mans life. The evolution of controllers and automation has been developing and still continue to develop to these days. What is Home Automation Home is the word that refers to relaxing and rest after a long day of work, that when you get home you need all the reasons of relax, in the past man was coming home and was finding hit wife had created the comforts for him, but then women choose to be mans partner in all areas of life, so to find technology took the rule and start to create comfort for both man and woman at home. The first appearance of home automation was the TV remote control and then inventions followed one another. Home automation is a system in which user can control his home subsystems using an interface provided by the system to achieve the purpose of home automation. The idea of home automation came from modern home which filled with electronic apparatus and appliances -which are the home subsystems foundation- to make life easier at home, more secure, and more comfortable that the user can control his house while he is relaxing or working. When the user leaves his home to go on holiday, he loses all control over the functions of the house while he is away and cannot tell whether someone has punctured the security or whether he had left the living room light on. If the alarm has been triggered at his home, there is no way that the user can become aware of this unless he returns to his compromised home. In order for the system be useful, the appliances must be able to be moved around the house and still retain their ability to communicate with the system. A degree of automation is needed in a house so that certain functions in the house occur automatically, for example the outside light can turn on when it becomes dark outside. There is a need for a reliable, secure and interactive system that exercises full control over the electric and electronic aspects of the house, with the potential to be accessed from across the globe. A home control system controls the users whole house, triggering routines and events involving Home Subsystems. An automation system controls a collection of â€Å"Home Subsystems†. A Home Subsystems includes light fixtures, the heating-cooling system, security components, entertainment, as well as devices like motorized drapes or any other condition that the user selects. Is a system that even when operating automatically provides benefits to the system user. A home automation system puts two or more Home-Subsystems under the control of one central controller which is PIC microcontroller and the user interface attached to the controller for example touch screen, key pad, handheld remotes, or a PC which we will describe it later in this chapter. The Smart House system would adjust the power supplied to each appliance according to need. Each appliance is provided with sufficient power to provide for its peak use. In addition, the Smart House controllers could schedule the operation of heavy power consuming appliances (such as dishwashers, electric water heaters, and air conditioners) to take maximum advantage of off-peak electric rates. These adjustments could result in lower utility costs. http://www.connectedhomemag.com/HomeControls/Articles/Index.cfm?ArticleID=22609 Features that provided by Home Automation Home automation system can provide many benefits that make home safer, more comfortable, by employing sensors and control systems to monitor home and provide services. The home automation system can make the user be able to control his own home while he relaxing sleeping even while he is working. The home automation system makes the user be able to control lighting that he can change light with his mode and requirement. Security is one of the important benefits that can be provided by home automation system even during the absence of the user, that if there someone trying to breach house the system can release the alarm, lock all the exits until the user comes and reset the system. The home automation system can provide a system prevent fires by smoke sensors that senses for smoking if there the system release the alarm and the water sprinkles start spraying water. Home automation system can control the temperature of house by controlling AC. There is a large unexploited potential for using home automation for energy savings and comfort improvements. Home Automation Components Central controller which is an inelegant device connected with the whole system, its job is to manage, process, and control the home automation system, it can be a PIC microcontroller, PC .etc. User interface in which user can control the home automation system and choose the mode he need in any appliance of the system, it can be a touch screen, GLCD, remote controletc. Appliances which are the devices that controlled by the system and it can be any device such as clean machine, AC, lighting as a sub system..etc. Connection which is the type of connection between systems and it can be wired or wireless. Wired vs. Wireless Home Automation The medium through which communications occurs is crucial to the feasibility of a home automation system. So the types of home automation systems are: 1. Wired System Traditionally, wiring consists of wires that get snaked through the walls. There are three wired systems: electricity, telephone, TV cable. Which have been earned by the home automation and the user more agree with, because it is provide reliability, it connect each appliance with central controller, signal between sent between devices is travelling through a physical medium . Wired system provide reliability, but it is difficult to install, and it not easy for error detection and resolving, unless there is a smart central device and advanced physical medium and connections. 2. Wireless System Each appliance is connected with a device as a receiver or transmitter that depends on the function of the appliance and what does it need, and for each sensor there is a transmitter and receiver device. Transmitter device send a signal such as RF signal and the receiver receives the signal moves it to an intelligent device which detects if the signal for the device that connected with, if yes the intelligent device makes the attached device to act the suitable action for the situation. The main difference between wired and wireless system that the communication between system components and devices in wired system using physical medium, but in the wireless system the signal is generated as Radio wave signal -for example- travels on the air and cached by receivers. Theoretical Back Ground The Purpose of the Project The main purpose of the home automation project briefly is to make life easier. To achieve the main purpose we need to design a control system for home appliances, the user can control real loads by a single touch on the touch panel , away from the traditional bush buttons remote control the user will use his finger to select any option on the touch panel whether it is a on/off button or next/previous command. The user can choose the right arrow to select between the appliances (light, door open, door close, heater) then he will use the on/off button to toggle the load status. 3. Method To achieve the goal of this project the touch screen must be chosen so it can be interfaced to the microcontroller (PIC microcontroller) , the resistive touch screen can be used since the microcontroller has it own build in analog to digital converter, The microcontroller will convert the output of the touch screen to digital value (x-position ,y- position) then it will decide the press location on what button (the buttons is drawn on a graphical LCD which is under the touch screen ) so the user will feel as if he press the button itself After this the microcontroller will execute a certain routine to toggle the corresponding load depending on the pressed button. As shown in figure above we have proposed a block diagram to achieve the project goal, the configuration and the connection of each components can found in the datasheet, for example the datasheet of the GLCD and the touch screen requires the use of PIC microcontroller so both of them must be connected directly to the PIC in the appropriate way. Also the web site. http://www.mikroe.com/en/tools/ provides learning kits with a full document and schematic diagrams for those kits, which was an addition information source to know how we can use the graphical LCD and the touch screen The real loads driver circuit will take the command signal from the microcontroller so it also it will be connected directly to the microcontroller, Description of the main blocks PIC microcontroller PIC microcontroller ,which will be the brain of the system Why to use pic16f877A At first any pic microcontroller that has portB and portD can be used to interface the graphical LCD, but since we will use a touch screen in the project and the output is analog voltage so we also need a pic microcontroller with a build in analog to digital converter, those specification can be found in the PIC16F877A Graphical LCD idea and background Graphical LCD , at which the graphics will be displayed The GLCD module is specially designed for microcontroller programmers who like an extra dimension in the projects. This module has a 128 X 64 pixel graphical LCD with touch screen, This LCD is controlled by KS0108 LCD controller via two segment drivers. LCD backlight color is yellow-green. Touch panel , which will respond to the touches and convert it to analog voltages. Driving circuit which will take the control signal from the microcontroller and drive a real 220V ac loads. interfacing circuit: this circuit will take the four wires from the touch screen and fed the microcontroller with the analog voltage (x,y) 4. Working plan first step is to buy the needed components start testing interfacing the components as follows connect the graphical LCD and display some pictures using the pic microcontroller connect the touch screen and test the output voltages when pressing on it, we will use the regular voltmeter to test the output voltages on each corner and it should be as follows design the output driving circuit to drive the real 220V loads by apply 1 5V on the input Software implementation Since we are using a pic microcontroller then we need to use a compatible compiler and the easiest one is (MIKROBASIC) because it has a built in libraries for the graphical LCD also the used language is BASIC. 6. Why to use the mikrobasic instead of assembly (mp lab) Using the graphical LCD in the project requires a lot o work in signaling the graphical lcd, so each picture or graph must be sent to the graphical lcd pixel by pixel which is a long work without any advantage because the mikroelctronica compiler (mikrobasic) comes with a built in libraries that support both (LCD, and graphical LCD) so the time needed for doing the libraries can be used to add more features to the main project. 6.1 Features MikroBasic allows the user to quickly develop and deploy complex applications: Write the BASIC source code using the built-in Code Editor (Code and Parameter Assistants, Syntax Highlighting, Auto Correct, Code Templates, and more†¦) Use the included mikroBasic libraries to dramatically speed up the development: data acquisition, memory, displays, conversions, communications†¦ Practically all P12, P16, and P18 chips are supported. Can be used to Monitor the program structure, variables, and functions in the Code Explorer. Inspect program flow and debug executable logic with the integrated Debugger. Get detailed reports and graphs: RAM and ROM map, code statistics, assembly listing, calling tree, and more†¦ Introduction to Project Management For planning any project, you must manage it. The whole project is divided into three major elements: tasks, resource and time. Each elements work affects the others, means they are related. Project Tasks Means what each piece of project component will achieve and the hardware connection between these components, some tasks may include: Programming Microcontroller. User interface â€Å"GLCD†. Project documentation. Project Resources Means anything used to achieve the goals of project, which can be: People as who has experience with the home automation they can be users or experts. Machinery which used to develop the project components. Money. 1.5 System Requirements 1.5.1 System Hardware Micro controller (PIC): to control the whole system. Graphical LCD: as the user interface. Driving CKT: to connect loads with the PIC. 1.5.2 System software Micro Basic for programming PIC. Following chapters will be more detailed for each part.

Religious and Spiritual Practices of Enslaved African Americans Essay

The Community of Enslaved Africans and their Religious & Spiritual Practices. During a most dark and dismal time in our nations history, we find that the Africans who endured horrible circumstances during slavery, found ways of peace and hope in their religious beliefs. During slavery, Africans where able to survive unbearable conditions by focusing on their spirituality. Christianity was amongst the slave community. Being that the vast majority of the slave community was born in America, converting slaves to Christianity was not a struggle. All slaves were not Christian, and slaves that had accepted Christianity were not official members of the church. Over time Slaves made Christianity their own. There would be occurrences where church gatherings would hold both white and black members. Slave religion was both institutional and non institutional. The slave gatherings would be both formally organized and spontaneously adapted. These gatherings would usually take place at night in the woods. Slaves enjoyed their own meetings better because they could sing and pray as they wanted. In some cases slave masters would not allow attendance of church gatherings and prayer meetings, some slaves would risk flogging to attend these meetings. Christianity was transformed into by the slave community to its own particular experience. Teachings by white masters w ere usually geared towards reminding slaves that on good behavior to their white masters, they would be accepted into heaven and even then , they would be limited to a lesser heaven than there owners. Jesus was not talked about, teachings consisted only of the laws to not lie or steal from their masters. Slaves would soon start to hold their own gatherings to just sing and pray a... .... So ultimately, owners failed at this. Moreover, many owners later came to feel that Christianity may actually have encouraged rebellion (all those stories of Moses and the Israelites in Egypt, after all, talked about the liberation of the slaves), and so they began to discourage Christian missionaries from preaching to the slaves. African Americans have taken their own spiritual, religious journey. God was looked upon as a source of peace and encouragement. The community of enslave Africans were able to use religion and spirituality as a way of overcoming the mental anguish of slavery on a daily basis. To a slave, religion was the most important aspect of their life. Nothing could come between their relationship with god. It was their rock, the only reason why they could wake up in the morning, the only way that they endured this most turbulent time in our history.

A Brief History of the Cheesecake Factory Essay

The Cheesecake Factory was founded by Oscar and Evelyn Overton. Evelyn first decided to open a business after making a cheesecake for her husband’s employer in 1949. Evelyn opened a small cheesecake shop in Detroit, Michigan, in the late 1950s, but later gave it up in order to raise her two children. She continued to supply cakes to several local restaurants through a kitchen in her basement. In 1972, Oscar and Evelyn Overton moved to the Woodland Hills area of Los Angeles where they opened a wholesale bakery in which they produced cheesecakes and other desserts for local estaurants. In 1983, the Overtons opened a second restaurant in Marina del Rey. By 1987 the Beverly Hills location had expanded into a 78-seat restaurant and was experiencing great financial success. This led to the opening of a third, larger location in Redondo Beach, which was eventually renovated into a 300-seat, 21 ,OOO square foot location. By the end of the 1980s, The Cheesecake Factory’s one-page menu had expanded and the restaurant offered additional fast-food and short-order items. On January 25, 2011, the company expanded into the Middle East in a partnership ith Kuwaiti retail franchising company M. H. Alshaya Co.. The 300-seat restaurant opened on August 16, 2012, at the Dubai Mall. This is the first location for The Cheesecake Factory outside of the United States. As of March 4, 2013, the Cheesecake Factory Inc. has four restaurants operating in the Middle East, one being located at the Dubai Mall and another at the Mall of the Emirates (both in the UAE), the third in The Avenues Mall, Kuwait, and the fourth in Beirut. [6] Plaza Las Americas in San Juan, Puerto Rico opened its first Cheesecake Factory in the Caribbean on August 28, 2013 Company Mission Statement Mission: To create an environment where absolute guest satisfaction is our highest propriety Vision: Through a shared commitment to excellence, we are dedicated to the uncompromising quality of our food, service, people and profit, while taking exceptional care of our guests and staff, we will continuously strive to surpass our own accomplishments and be recognized as a leader in our industry David Overton Chairman and Chief Executive Officer David Overton has served as our Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer since our incorporation in February, 1992. He co-founded the Company with his parents, Evelyn and Oscar Overton. Mr. Overton crea ed t the Company’s namesake restaurant and opened the first The Cheesecake Factory restaurant in 1978 in Beverly Hills, California. He grew The Cheesecake Factory@ into a national chain and created two other concepts, Grand Lux Cafe@ and RockSugar Pan Asian Kitchen@. Under Mr. Overton’s leadership, the Company’s revenues increased to $1. 8 billion in 2011, with The Cheesecake Factory leading the casual dining industry in average annual sales per restaurant of $10. 2 million. Mr. Overton’s professional honors include the International Foodservice Manufacturers Association â€Å"Silver Plate Award,† recognizing the most outstanding and innovative talent in foodservice operations; the â€Å"Executive of the Year Award† from Restaurants & Institutions Magazine; and the â€Å"MenuMasters Hall of Fame Award† from Nation’s Restaurant News, for his outstanding contributions to menu design and foodservice research and development, among many others. In 2012, Mr. Overton was named â€Å"Entrepreneur of the Year† in the Food Services category for the Los Angeles region by Ernst ; Young. This honor recognizes Mr. Overton for his demonstrated excellence and extraordinary success in innovation, performance and personal commitment to The Cheesecake Factory and the communities our restaurants serve. David M. Gordon PresidentDavid Gordon was appointed President in February 2013. Mr. Gordon Joined our Company in 1993 as a Manager and during his 20 years with The Cheesecake Factory, he held the positions of Chief Operating Officer, Regional Vice President, Area Director of Operations and General Manager. He currently serves on the Board of Directors for the California Restaurant Association. W. Douglas Benn Executive Vice President and Chief Financial OfficerW. Douglas Benn was appointed Chief Financial Officer in January 2009. Mr. Benn is a veteran of the restaurant industry having spent more than 20 years in management roles with restaurant companies. He most recently served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of RARE Hospitality International, which owned LongHorn Steakhouse and The Capital Grille prior to the company’s sale to Darden Restaurants in October 2007. During his ten years with RARE, Mr. Benn helped grow the company to over 300 units and over $1 billion in nnual revenues. Debby R. Zurzolo Executive Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel Debby Zurzolo was appointed Executive Vice President, Secretary and General Counsel in December 2003. Ms. Zurzolo Joined our Company as Senior Vice President and General Counsel in April 1999. From 1982 until Joining the Company, she practiced law at Greenberg Glusker Fields Claman & Machtinger LLP in Los Angeles, California. As a partner with that firm, Ms. Zurzolo represented our Company on various real estate matters and negotiated several of our restaurant leases. S Bytuglin President, The Cheesecake Factory Bakery Incorporated Max Byfuglin was appointed President of our bakery subsidiary in January 2006. He previously served as Executive Vice President of The Cheesecake Factory Bakery Incorporated. Mr. Byfuglin Joined our bakery operations in 1982 and worked closely with our founders, serving in nearly every capacity in our bakery over the past 20 years. Joshua Spears: General manager at dolphin mall location, been with the company for 20 years, started as a server/bartender, in Las Vegas Nevada, has a wife and 4 kids, currently doesn’t have any plans to move anywhere but always up to the change Adam Kaytes: Assistant General Manager, been with the company with 20 years, previously worked at 8 different locations, started as a server/bartender, single so always up to any change, currently my interenship supervisor. Gilberto Rodriguez: Server, its going to be 1 year that I been with the company on November 10, currently a server, I will finish school on December so my plans are to find a manager Job after that, previously worked at olive garden and BJ’s as a assistant manager, certified trainer, bartender and server. Location of the property: Address: 11401 NW 12th st, Miami, FL 33172 Description: The Cheesecake Factory serves much more than Just cheesecake! The Cheesecake Factory is a unique, upscale casual dining restaurant offering more than 200 menu selections including appetizers, pizza, pasta, seafood, steaks, salads, sandwiches and more. The menu also features specialty dishes like Chicken Madeira, Miso Salmon, Cajun Jambalaya Pasta and The Factory Burger. Save room for dessert! Try one of The Cheesecake Factory’s 50 delicious cheesecakes and desserts such as their White Chocolate Raspberry Truffle Cheesecake or their Godiva Chocolate Cheesecake, with a cappuccino or espresso. Products: Menu items include: appetizers, cheesecake, pizza, pasta, salads, sandwiches, seafood, steaks and more Competition: The primary competition for the cheesecake factory at dolphin mall will be Texas de Brazil, mainly because its across and it’s the only other fine dinning restaurant at dolphin mall, I personally would not consider pf changs directly competition because that is a completely ditterent style ot t and its not directly across the cheesecake building, honestly there is no directly competition to cheesecake at dolphin mall, but there is a restaurant called bJs brewer house that is relatively close and they have a retty similar menu to ours, this will be the only director competitor we will have in the zone. -Texas de Brazil. -Pf Changs. -BJs Brewer house. Outside dolphin mall the Cheesecake Factorys top competitors are Brinker International, OSI Restaurant Partners, Inc. , and Dine Equity, Inc. Brinker International is a U. S. based company, with over1800 res taurants in 24 countries and has a presence in the Middle East already. Subsidiaries include: Chili’s, Romano’s Macaroni Grill, Maggiands Little Italy and On the Border Mexican Cantina and Grill. Unlike The Cheesecake Factory, Brinker International keeps its company active through cquisitions and partnerships for restaurant locations. A poorly performing Bennigan’s restaurant might become a new Chili’s restaurant. Brinker’s does not appear to be operating at a level of stability across its subsidiaries, either. The most recent Datamonitorreport on the company highlights much selling off of their brands (Datamonitor, 2010). The constant activity leads one to believe the company is less viable than its competitors in spite of staggering revenues and operating profits Company Culture: The Cheesecake Factory created the upscale casual dining segment in 1978 with the pening of our first restaurant in Beverly Hills, CA. And even with over 160 restaurant locations now in the U. S. , we’re Just as original today as we were when we first opened! In addition to The Cheesecake Factory restaurants, the company also operates two bakery production facilities that produce over 60 varieties of quality cheesecakes and other baked products. We know that outstanding people make it all happen. Each individual’s efforts and skills are necessary to the success of our company as a whole. As a staff member, we will invite you to share our company ission, â€Å"To Create an Environment Where Absolute Guest Satisfaction is our Highest Priority†. And our company values will guide your daily actions and ensure that the work environment and company culture is filled with memorable moments. Manager Style: There are a few types of manager styles, I think Adam is the perfect manager, he has a perfect balance for everything, here is a perfect description of him: The Perfect Manager This manager is popular with both staff and guests. This manager works hard to create solid relationships with staff members without becoming too close. Understands the challenges of the daily â€Å"show’ of making sure that all the parts come together properly to insure a quality guest experience. Master of the task related issues and can get them done in a quarter of the time of other managers. This management type keeps a light demeanor on the tloor while at the same time working to insure staff compliance to service standards and quality presentation of the food. Has a great knowledge of regulars and would be regulars and spends time cultivating relationships with the guests in order to insure their return visit. This anager can operate almost independently because their goals are aligned with the company objectives and directives from senior management. Perfect managers can become frustrated when the demands of the Job exceed their ability to complete the objectives in a timely manner. This can cause frustration for the manager and periods of unproductive performance. As a manager on a daily basis, it is tough to work long hours and handle innumerable problems without having it affect the quality of your work. You try to do the best you can and work to make the restaurant the best that it can be. Sometimes you sacrifice your personal well-being for the sake of the Job. Managers as a rule have a hard time separating themselves from what they do. A good management style of any kind begins with a manager that can take care of their emotional and physical needs outside the restaurant. They are emotionally healthy and happy with a positive attitude toward the Job and people they work with. Operational Controls At every Cheesecake Factory restaurant, a kitchen manager is stationed at the counter where the food comes off the line, and he rates the food on a scale of one to en. A nine is near-perfect. An eight requires one or two corrections before going out to a guest. A seven needs three. A six is unacceptable and has to be redone. The whole chain restaurant industry not Just the Cheesecake Factory uses an interesting system for minimizing food waste, which can easily become a burdensome cost: The chain-restaurant industry has produced a field of computer analytics known as â€Å"guest forecasting. † â€Å"We have forecasting models based on historical data†the trend of the past six weeks and also the trend of the previous year,† Adam told me. The predictability of the business has become astounding. The company has even learned how to make adjustments for the weather or for scheduled events like playoff games that keep people at home. The Cheesecake Factory’s ability to add menu items across its restaurants is similarly impressive. The company rolls out a new menu every six months that can feature upwards of a dozen new items. Regional and kitchen managers head to California for intense training that shows them not Just how to make the new dishes but how to train others back at the restaurants in their region. After observing the whole process, its rate of successful and scaled innovation, Gawande writes, â€Å"would be enviable in medicine, where innovations commonly spread at a glacial pace. Strengths and weaknesses: Their strengths include award winning customer service, an interactive website, fantastic desserts and an extensive menu of over 200items that evolves every six months to keep it fresh and exciting to customers. A significant opportunity in moving into an emerging market such as the United Arab Emirates is the prospect for increased revenue and profits for a restaurant of this caliber enteri ng in this new arket. One aspect that distinguished The Cheesecake Factory is how they specialized on their dessert product line and then built and drink product lines around it. By making abase, the company was able to add items and test recipes for success. Now they have a solid food line that is changed every six months to ensure the customers are satisfied. Diversity also ensures return visits because people want to try something new each time; it prevents people from getting bored with the food . When updating their menu, the Cheesecake Factory is also indful of health-conscious customers and has a very high-quality line of health- conscious foods Weaknesses The Cheesecake Factory must consider how the company’s values, ideals, vision admission, and goals will align with the new country. Cultural issues can be a major challenge when moving into a new country. The company must be 100% prepared to take on the culture, the cuisine, and any other conflicts such as dress codes or dietary customs. ome countries such as the United Arab Emirates older generations may be slow to embrace change or new cultures; they may be opposed to new restaurants or ven new menu items at a restaurant. This could pose a problem for the constant menu changes The Cheesecake Factory offers. The differences in tastes, beliefs and culture could potentially be a major challenge for this restaurant moving to the Middle East. The lack of nutritional information may also be problematic for this region, as people in different areas are sensitive to different foods and what are in the foods needs to be known as well as the caloric content of the food. As with the United States, all developed countries have become more aware of what they are eating and their health in general

Shadow Kiss Chapter 3

Three â€Å"WHY SO GLUM, LITTLE DHAMPIR?† I was heading across the quad, toward the commons, when I detected the scent of clove cigarettes. I sighed. â€Å"Adrian, you are the last person I want to see right now.† Adrian Ivashkov hurried up beside me, blowing a cloud of smoke into the air that of course drifted right toward me. I waved it off and made a great show of exaggerated coughing. Adrian was a royal Moroi we'd â€Å"acquired† on our recent ski trip. He was a few years older than me and had come back to St. Vladimir's to work on learning spirit with Lissa. So far, he was the only other spirit user we knew of. He was arrogant and spoiled and spent a lot of his time indulging in cigarettes, alcohol, and women. He also had a crush on me – or at least wanted to get me into bed. â€Å"Apparently,† he said. â€Å"I've hardly seen you at all since we got back. If I didn't know better, I'd say you were avoiding me.† â€Å"I am avoiding you.† He exhaled loudly and raked a hand through the sable brown hair he always kept stylishly messy. â€Å"Look, Rose. You don't have to keep up with the hard-to-get thing. You've already got me.† Adrian knew perfectly well I wasn't playing hard-to-get, but he always took a particular delight in teasing me. â€Å"I'm really not in the mood for your so-called charm today.† â€Å"What happened, then? You're stomping through every puddle you can find and look like you're going to punch the first person you see.† â€Å"Why are you hanging around, then? Aren't you worried about getting hit?† â€Å"Aw, you'd never hurt me. My face is too pretty.† â€Å"Not pretty enough to make up for the gross, carcinogenic smoke blowing in my face. How can you do that? Smoking's not allowed on campus. Abby Badica got two weeks' detention when she got caught.† â€Å"I'm above the rules, Rose. I'm neither student nor staff, merely a free spirit wandering your fair school as I will.† â€Å"Maybe you should go do some wandering now.† â€Å"You want to get rid of me, you tell me what's going on.† There was no avoiding it. Besides, he'd know soon enough. Everyone would know. â€Å"I got assigned to Christian for my field experience.† There was a pause, and then Adrian burst out laughing. â€Å"Wow. Now I understand. In light of that, you actually seem remarkably calm.† â€Å"I was supposed to have Lissa,† I growled. â€Å"I can't believe they did this to me.† â€Å"Why did they do it? Is there some chance you might not be with her when you graduate?† â€Å"No. They just all seem to think this is going to help me train better now. Dimitri and I will still be her real guardians later.† Adrian gave me a sidelong glance. â€Å"Oh, I'm sure that'll be quite the hardship for you.† It had to be one of the weirdest things in the universe that Lissa had never come close to suspecting my feelings for Dimitri but that Adrian had figured it out. â€Å"Like I said, your commentary isn't appreciated today.† He apparently didn't agree. I had a suspicious feeling he'd been drinking already, and it was barely even lunchtime. â€Å"What's the problem? Christian'll be with Lissa all the time anyway.† Adrian had a point. Not that I'd have admitted it. Then, in that short-attention-span way of his, he switched subjects just as we neared the building. â€Å"Have I mentioned your aura to you?† he asked suddenly. There was a strange note to his voice. Hesitant. Curious. It was very uncharacteristic. Everything he usually said was mocking. â€Å"I don't know. Yeah, once. You said it was dark or something. Why?† Auras were fields of light that surrounded every person. Their colors and brightness were allegedly linked to a person's personality and energy. Only spirit users could see them. Adrian had been doing it for as long as he could remember, but Lissa was still learning. â€Å"Hard to explain. Maybe it's nothing.† He came to a stop near the door and inhaled deeply on his cigarette. He went out of his way to blow a cloud of smoke away from me, but the wind carried it back. â€Å"Auras are strange. They ebb and flow and change colors and brightness. Some are vivid, some are pale. Every once in a while, someone's will settle and burn with such a pure color that you can†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He tipped his head back, staring into the sky. I recognized the signs of that weird â€Å"unhinged† state he sometimes fell into. â€Å"You can instantly grasp what it means. It's like seeing into their soul.† I smiled. â€Å"But you haven't figured mine out, huh? Or what any of these colors mean?† He shrugged. â€Å"I'm figuring it out. You talk to enough people, get a feel for what they're like and then start to see the same kinds of people with the same kinds of colors†¦. After a while, the colors start to mean something.† â€Å"What's mine look like right now?† He glanced over at me. â€Å"Eh, I can't quite get a fix on it today.† â€Å"I knew it. You've been drinking.† Substances, like alcohol or certain medications, numbed spirit's effects. â€Å"Just enough to chase the chill away. I can guess what your aura's like, though. It's usually like the others, sort of those swirling colors – it's just kind of edged in darkness. Like you've always got a shadow following you.† Something in his voice made me shiver. Although I'd heard him and Lissa talk about auras a lot, I'd never really thought of them as anything I needed to worry about. They were more like some kind of stage trick – a cool thing with little substance. â€Å"That's so cheerful,† I said. â€Å"You ever think about motivational speaking?† His scattered look faded, and his normal mirth returned. â€Å"Don't worry, little dhampir. You might be surrounded by clouds, but you'll always be like sunshine to me.† I rolled my eyes. He dropped his cigarette onto the sidewalk and put it out with his foot. â€Å"Gotta go. See you later.† He swept me a gallant bow and started walking away toward guest housing. â€Å"You just littered!† I yelled. â€Å"Above the rules, Rose,† he called back. â€Å"Above the rules.† Shaking my head, I picked up the now-cold cigarette butt and took it to a garbage can that was outside the building. When I entered, the warmth inside was a welcome change as I shook off the slush on my boots. Down in the cafeteria, I found lunch wrapping up for the afternoon. Here, dhampirs sat side by side with Moroi, providing a study in contrasts. Dhampirs, with our half-human blood, were bigger – though not taller – and more solidly built. The girl novices were curvier than the ultra-slim Moroi girls, the boy novices far more muscular than their vampire counterparts. The Moroi complexions were pale and delicate, like porcelain, while ours were tanned from being outside in the sun so much. Lissa sat at a table by herself, looking serene and angelic in a white sweater. Her pale blond hair cascaded over her shoulders. She glanced up at my approach, and welcoming feelings flowed to me through our bond. She grinned. â€Å"Oh, look at your face. It's true, isn't it? You really are assigned to Christian.† I glared. â€Å"Would it kill you to be a little less miserable?† She gave me a censuring yet amused look as she licked the last of her strawberry yogurt off her spoon. â€Å"I mean, he's my boyfriend, after all. I hang out with him all the time. It's not that bad.† â€Å"You have the patience of a saint,† I grumbled, slouching into a chair. â€Å"And besides, you don't hang out with him 24/7.† â€Å"Neither will you. It's only 24/6.† â€Å"Same difference. It might as well be 24/10.† She frowned. â€Å"That doesn't make any sense.† I waved off my idiotic remark and stared blankly around the lunchroom. The room was buzzing with news of the impending field exercise, which would kick off as soon as lunch ended. Camille's best friend had gotten assigned to Ryan's best friend, and the four of them huddled gleefully together, looking as though they were about to embark on a six-week double date. At least someone would enjoy all this. I sighed. Christian, my soon-to-be charge, was off with the feeders – humans who willingly donated blood to Moroi. Through our bond, I sensed Lissa wanting to tell me something. She was holding off because she was worried about my bad mood and wanted to make sure I got enough support. I smiled. â€Å"Stop worrying about me. What's up?† She smiled back, her pink-glossed lips hiding her fangs. â€Å"I got permission.† â€Å"Permission for – ?† The answer flitted from her mind faster than she could have voiced it. â€Å"What?† I exclaimed. â€Å"You're going to stop your meds?† Spirit was an amazing power, one whose cool abilities we were just starting to figure out. It had a very nasty side effect, however: It could lead to depression and insanity. Part of the reason Adrian indulged in drinking so much (aside from his party nature) was to numb himself against these side effects. Lissa had a much healthier way of doing it. She took antidepressants, which completely cut her off from the magic altogether. She hated not being able to work with spirit anymore, but that was an acceptable trade-off for not going crazy. Well, I thought it was. She apparently disagreed if she was considering this insane experiment. I knew she'd been wanting to try the magic again, but I hadn't really thought she'd go through with it – or that anyone would let her. â€Å"I have to check in with Ms. Carmack every day and regularly talk to a counselor.† Lissa made a face at this last part, but her overall feelings were still quite upbeat. â€Å"I can't wait to see what I can do with Adrian.† â€Å"Adrian's a bad influence.† â€Å"He didn't make me do this, Rose. I chose it.† When I didn't answer, she lightly touched my arm. â€Å"Hey, listen. Don't worry. I've been so much better, and lots of people are going to have my back.† â€Å"Everyone except me,† I told her wistfully. Across the room, Christian entered through a set of double doors and approached us. The clock read five minutes until the end of lunch. â€Å"Oh man. The zero hour is almost here.† Christian pulled up a chair at our table and flipped it backwards, letting his chin rest on its slatted back. He brushed his black hair away from his blue eyes and gave us a smug smile. I felt Lissa's heart lighten at his presence. â€Å"I can't wait until this show gets on the road,† he said. â€Å"You and me are going to have so much fun, Rose. Picking out curtains, doing each other's hair, telling ghost stories â€Å" The reference to â€Å"ghost stories† hit a little closer to home than I was comfortable with. Not that choosing curtains or brushing Christian's hair was much more appealing. I shook my head in exasperation and stood up. â€Å"I'll leave you two alone for your last few private moments.† They laughed. I walked over to the lunch line, hoping to find some leftover doughnuts from breakfast. So far, I could see croissants, quiche, and poached pears. It must have been highbrow day at the cafeteria. Was deep-fried dough really too much to ask for? Eddie stood in front of me. His face turned apologetic as soon as he saw me. â€Å"Rose, I'm really sorry – â€Å" I put up a hand to stop him. â€Å"Don't worry. It's not your fault. Just promise me you'll do a good job protecting her.† It was a silly sentiment since she was in no real danger, but I could never really stop worrying about her – particularly in light of this new development with her medication. Eddie stayed serious, apparently not thinking my request was silly at all. He was one of the few who knew about Lissa's abilities – and their downsides, which was probably why he'd been selected to guard her. â€Å"I won't let anything happen to her. I mean it.† I couldn't help a smile, in spite of my glum mood. His experiences with the Strigoi made him take all of this more seriously than almost any other novice. Aside from me, he was probably the best choice to guard her. â€Å"Rose, is it true you punched Guardian Petrov?† I turned and looked into the faces of two Moroi, Jesse Zeklos and Ralf Sarcozy. They'd just stepped in line behind Eddie and me and looked more self-satisfied and annoying than usual. Jesse was all bronzed good looks and quick thinking. Ralf was his slightly less attractive and slightly less intelligent sidekick. They were quite possibly the two people I hated most at this school, mainly due to some nasty rumors they'd spread about me doing some very explicit things with them. It was Mason's strong-arming that had forced them to tell the truth to the school, and I don't think they'd ever forgiven me for that. â€Å"Punch Alberta? Hardly.† I started to turn around, but Ralf kept talking. â€Å"We heard you threw a big hissy fit in the gym when you found out who you were with.† â€Å"‘Hissy fit'? What are you, sixty? All I did was – † I paused and carefully chose my words. † – register my opinion.† â€Å"Well,† said Jesse. â€Å"I suppose if anyone's going to keep an eye on that Strigoi wannabe, it might as well be you. You're the biggest badass around here.† The grudging tone in his voice made it sound like he was complimenting me. I didn't see it that way at all. Before he could utter another word, I was standing right in front of him, with barely any space between us. In what I considered a true sign of discipline, I didn't put my hand around his throat. His eyes widened in surprise. â€Å"Christian has nothing to do with any Strigoi,† I said in a low voice. â€Å"His parents – â€Å" â€Å"Are his parents. And he's Christian. Don't confuse them.† Jesse had been on the wrong side of my anger before. He was clearly remembering that, and his fear warred with his desire to trash-talk Christian in front of me. Surprisingly, the latter won out. â€Å"Earlier you acted like being with him was the end of the world, and now you're defending him? You know how he is – he breaks rules all the time. Are you saying you seriously don't believe there's any chance at all he might turn Strigoi like his parents?† â€Å"None,† I said. â€Å"Absolutely none. Christian's more willing to take a stand against Strigoi than probably any other Moroi here.† Jesse's eyes flicked curiously toward Ralf before returning to me. â€Å"He even helped me fight against those ones in Spokane. There is no chance of him ever, ever turning Strigoi.† I racked my brain, trying to recall who had been assigned to Jesse for the field experience. â€Å"And if I hear you spreading that crap around, Dean isn't going to be able to save you from me.† â€Å"Or me,† added Eddie, who had come to stand right beside me. Jesse swallowed and took a step back. â€Å"You're such a liar. You can't lay a hand on me. If you get suspended now, you'll never graduate.† He was right, of course, but I smiled anyway. â€Å"Might be worth it. We'll have to see, huh?† It was at that point that Jesse and Ralf decided they didn't want anything from the lunch line after all. They stalked off, and I heard something that sounded suspiciously like â€Å"crazy bitch.† â€Å"Jerks,† I muttered. Then I brightened. â€Å"Oh, hey. Doughnuts.† I got a chocolate-glazed, and then Eddie and I hurried off to find our Moroi and get to class. He grinned at me. â€Å"If I didn't know any better, I'd say you just defended Christian's honor. Isn't he a pain in the ass?† â€Å"Yes,† I said, licking icing off my fingers. â€Å"He is. But for the next six weeks, he's my pain in the ass.†

Bilingual Education Argumentive Essay Essay

The United States is a diverse country of many different races and languages. Even though many languages are spoken in the United States, English is the preferred language in the United States. Speaking English in America is the key to success. Without English, acquiring employment is almost impossible. More and more immigrants are attracted to the U.S every year, and the populations of immigrants, which do not know the American culture, continue to rise. This population must be assimilated into the United States in order for the population to find employment and function in the United States. Assimilation is the process by which an outsider becomes part of a new community by adopting its language and customs. Public schools are a vital place where the country’s customs, language, and culture, in general, can be taught. According to Ginsburg, ever since the 1960’s young immigrants and U.S born children, of immigrant parents, were sent to public schools with little to no understanding of the English language. These students were forced to â€Å"sink or swim.† The public school offered no help to LEP students. LEP (limited English proficiency) is term used to describe students whose level English language is low. As a result, many of these students began to drop out, but finally in 1968, the federal government passed the Bilingual Act which paid special attention to students whose native language was not English. This provided special funding to create and maintain bilingual education programs. The goal bilingual education is to teach English more efficiently to students, with low English proficiency, protect students’ self-esteem, increase their academic performance, and lowering dropout rates. In bilingual education, LEP students are taught subjects such as math, history, and science in their native tongue, while the LEP students take classes to learn English, and once a student shows increasing proficiency in English they are put into main-stream â€Å"English-only† (â€Å"Bilingual Education†). There have been many controversies whether or not the bilingual education programs are achieving their goal. Bilingual education programs should not be allowed as a way to teach English to students with low English proficiency because the programs segregate students based on their native language, are too costly, and are poorly  maintained. Bilingual Education programs segregate students based on their native language. These students are isolated away from other cultures and different perspectives for many years. This assimilates students slowly into mainstream English classes. While bilingual classes segregate students by their primary language, English immersion brings them all together to learn a common language, with the common goal of quickly entering mainstream classes. Speaking English is vital for communication and success in the U.S. The sooner a student understands and communicates in English the sooner they will transition into mainstream English, and the more successful the student will become, which will increase their self-esteem According to Ginsburg many students stay up to six years in these programs and still are low in English proficiency once they complete the program (Ginsburg). Bilingual education programs are too costly to maintain. Students are taking too long to learn English in bilingual education programs. According to â€Å"Bilingual Education,† A scientist named Christine Roswell found that there is little evidence that bilingual education is working, and he determined, from 78% of his studies, that student in bilingual education programs only do as well, or even worse, than LEP students in English immersion type programs or no programs at all. Also Roswell determined that English Immersion programs are a more affordabl e way to teach English. Some teachers are delaying the student’s education in order to receive more money. Most bilingual education programs persist because teachers and school districts receive more federal and state money if they maintain those programs and keep high numbers of students enrolled. Spanish speaking teaches can receive up to $5,000 in bonuses a year (â€Å"Bilingual Education†). In bilingual education, students are taking longer to transition to mainstream â€Å"English-only† classes. Bilingual education programs are poorly maintained. English immersion is a better solution to teaching English than bilingual education. Many LEP students often feel stressed out and frustrated in mainstream classes, which causes them to dropout. According to Clouthier, dropout rates among Hispanics, who speak Spanish, have not improved in the past 25 years that bilingual education programs started. Clearly bilingual education has not help students with frustration and stress or decreased dropout rates. Students learn English with less proficiency and more slowly in bilingual ed ucation  programs. Proponents claim that proficiently teaching a students’ native language first and then teaching English as a second language helps students in the long run, but according to Clouthier, The National Academy of Sciences reviewed 30 years of bilingual research and found no negative effects from teaching reading and writing in English, without first teaching proficiency in a students’ primary language. In bilingual education students take five to seven years to assimilate students; because the program believes that teaching the students, whose native language is not English, their culture values, languages, and customs, when the students’ parents should teach them their heritage (Clouthier). On the other hand, supporters of bilingual education believe that effective bilingual education helps students, for whom English is not their native language, to assimilate into main stream America. Supports say that the controversy is actually rooted in the misunderstanding and misapplication of how language is learned and taught. According to Stokely, students must first learn proficiently their first native language and then learn English as their second language. Supporters say that bilingual education programs enable non-English speaking students to learn English without losing learning time in other academic subjects. Supporters say that the reason some bilingual education programs are ineffective is because they are poorly maintained by the federal government and finding a bilingual teacher is very rare (Stokely). To conclude, bilingual education should not be allowed as a way to teach English students, which have a low proficiency in English, because bilingual education programs segregate students, are too costly, and are poorly maintained. Bilingual education segregates students from other peers based on their native language which cause slower assimilation. Since students are learning English at a slower pace which more funding is needed for these programs to run, and some teachers intentionally keep students longer these programs for the money, which makes these programs too costly. Most bilingual education programs are poorly maintained because these programs have not decreased the student dropout rate. English immersion is a better solution to bilingual education because it’s more affordable and joins students to learn one language. Works Cited â€Å"Bilingual Education.† Issues & Controversies On File: n. pag. Issues & Controversies. Facts On File News Services, 15 Feb. 2005. Web. 16 Oct. 2013. . Clouthier, Kris. â€Å"Point: English Immersion: Creating Equal Opportunity For Immigrant Students.† Points Of View: Bilingual Education (2013): 5. Points of View Reference Center. Web. 16 Oct. 2013. Ginsburg, Jill. â€Å"Bilingual Education: An Overview.† Points Of View: Bilingual Education (2013): 1. Points of View Reference Center. Web. 16 Oct. 2013. Stokely, Anne. â€Å"Counterpoint: The Benefits Of Bilingual Education.† Points Of View: Bilingual Education (2013): 6. Points of View Reference Center. Web. 16 Oct. 2013.

INTERNATIONAL TRADE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

INTERNATIONAL TRADE - Essay Example China’s trade growth virtually exploded during the recent years. (Brainard, 1990, 327 & 328)   Ã‚  There are different factors propelling world’s merchandise trade to this level over the years. Four most significant factors may be mentioned here. Firstly, the recent Information Technology Industry boom has really worked as a major push towards achieving this kind of extraordinary trade growth. Throughout the 1990s, the office and the telecommunication equipments were considered under the most dynamic product category traded. Although the industry was not successful in exceeding its previous export level in 2000, a rise of 10 percent was realized amounting to nearly 770 billion US$. (WTO NEWS: PRESS RELEASES, 2000; WTO NEWS: PRESS RELEASES, 2004). The tremendous rate was accentuated by the sales of mobile phones and semi-conductors. The second factor that aided prospective trade growth rate is Reduction in Tariff. In October 2002, Chairman of the NAM Board of Directors Trade and Technology Policy, Harold Wiens stated that over 70 percent of the merchandise trade con sisted of manufactured goods. Multilateral trade negotiations have been significantly effective in bringing about reductions in tariff in most of the industrial nations, but the policies of many of the LDCs regarding the tariff and non-tariff trade barriers are yet to be revised. Since 1950, the import tariffs in U.S. dropped from 6 percent to 1.5 percent, with the average rate slumping from 8.6 percent to 3.2 percent from1960 to 1995 worldwide. Thirdly, transportation cost, as a result of the tariff reductions, forms a substantial part of the total trade costs. â€Å"In 2000, aggregate transportation expenditures for major Latin America countries were two to four times higher than for the United States. (source: author’s calculations based on US Imports of Merchandise; ECLAC BTI data)† (Hummels, n.d., 7). The ad-valorem duties are based on the distance of the goods to be